Skip to content

Steel Deep Dives

All 49 Blade Steels

A browsable card grid of every steel covered in the Bible: premium powder steels, conventional stainless, reactive carbon, and reference-only non-hardenable stainless. Click any card for the full deep-dive (composition, performance analysis, kitchen guidance, and artisan-maker examples). For filtering and sorting by performance characteristics, see the comparison index on the home page.

Advertisement

Tier 1

Premium

CD#1

PM tool steel

Hardness
60–63 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Moderate

Tier 1

Premium

CPM MagnaCut

PM martensitic stainless

Hardness
60–65 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Exceptional

Tier 1

Premium

Elmax

PM stainless

Hardness
60–62 HRC
Origin
Sweden
Corrosion
Excellent

Tier 1

Premium

S35VN

PM stainless

Hardness
60–61 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Good

Tier 1

Premium

SG2 / R2

PM stainless

Hardness
62–64 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 1

Mid

CPM-154

PM stainless

Hardness
58–60 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Good

Tier 1

Entry

ATS-34

Conventional stainless

Hardness
58–61 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Good

Tier 1

Entry

CTS-BD1N

Nitrogen-enhanced stainless

Hardness
60–63 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Exceptional

Tier 2

Premium

ZDP-189

PM ultra-high carbon stainless

Hardness
65–67 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Good

Tier 2

Mid

VG-10

Co-alloyed stainless

Hardness
60–62 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 2

Mid

VG-MAX

Co-alloyed stainless

Hardness
60–61 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 2

Entry

AUS-10

Conventional stainless

Hardness
58–60 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Good

Tier 2

Entry

AUS-8

Conventional stainless

Hardness
57–59 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Good

Tier 3

Mid

AEB-L

Conventional stainless

Hardness
61–64 HRC
Origin
Sweden
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Mid

FC61

Conventional stainless

Hardness
60–62 HRC
Origin
Sweden
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Mid

Nitro-V

Nitrogen-enhanced stainless

Hardness
61–63 HRC
Origin
Germany
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Mid

Silver Fox SF100

Conventional stainless

Hardness
61–63 HRC
Origin
UK
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Entry

10Cr15CoMoV

Conventional stainless

Hardness
58–60 HRC
Origin
China
Corrosion
Good

Tier 3

Entry

440C

Conventional stainless

Hardness
58–60 HRC
Origin
USA / Germany
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Entry

ACUTO440

Conventional stainless

Hardness
58–61 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Entry

N690

Co-alloyed stainless

Hardness
58–62 HRC
Origin
Austria
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Entry

Nitro-B

Nitrogen-enhanced stainless

Hardness
58–62 HRC
Origin
Germany
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Entry

Sandvik 14C28N

Nitrogen-enhanced stainless

Hardness
58–62 HRC
Origin
Sweden
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 3

Entry

Zwilling FRIODUR

Process-hardened stainless

Hardness
57–58 HRC
Origin
Germany
Corrosion
Good

Tier 3

Budget

X50CrMoV15 / 4116

Conventional stainless

Hardness
56–58 HRC
Origin
Germany
Corrosion
Good

Tier 4

Mid

52100

High-carbon bearing steel

Hardness
60–64 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Poor

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 4

Mid

D2 / K110

Semi-stainless tool steel

Hardness
60–62 HRC
Origin
USA / Austria
Corrosion
Moderate

Tier 5

Premium

Aogami Super (Blue Super)

Reactive high-carbon

Hardness
63–67 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

15N20

Carbon Damascus layer steel

Hardness
60–62 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

8670

High-carbon nickel alloy

Hardness
57–61 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

Aogami

Reactive high-carbon

Hardness
62–65 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

Aogami

Reactive high-carbon

Hardness
61–64 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

Damascus (5160/4340)

Pattern-welded Damascus

Hardness
56–60 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

Shirogami

Reactive high-carbon

Hardness
62–65 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Mid

Shirogami

Reactive high-carbon

Hardness
61–64 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Entry

1080

High-carbon

Hardness
56–60 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Entry

1095

High-carbon

Hardness
56–60 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Entry

AISI 4340

Ni-Cr-Mo alloy steel

Hardness
55–60 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Entry

AISI 5160

Chrome-vanadium spring steel

Hardness
57–60 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 5

Entry

SK-4 / Kigami

Reactive high-carbon

Hardness
58–62 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
None

⚠ Reactive carbon: requires active care

Tier 6

Budget

3Cr13

Conventional stainless

Hardness
50–54 HRC
Origin
China
Corrosion
Good

Tier 6

Budget

440A

Conventional stainless

Hardness
55–57 HRC
Origin
USA
Corrosion
Very Good

Tier 6

Budget

5Cr15MoV

Conventional stainless

Hardness
54–56 HRC
Origin
China
Corrosion
Good

Tier 6

Budget

7Cr17MoV

Conventional stainless

Hardness
56–58 HRC
Origin
China
Corrosion
Good

Tier 6

Budget

9Cr18MoV

Conventional stainless

Hardness
58–60 HRC
Origin
China
Corrosion
Good

Tier 6

Budget

Wanbasian Stainless

Undisclosed stainless

Hardness
50–54 HRC
Origin
China
Corrosion
Good

Tier 7

316 / 316L

Austenitic stainless

Hardness
25–30 HRC
Origin
International
Corrosion
Exceptional

Reference only: not a kitchen steel

Tier 7

SUS1A-1

JIS cutlery grade

Hardness
30–35 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Very Good

Reference only: not a kitchen steel

Tier 7

SUS430

Ferritic stainless

Hardness
30–35 HRC
Origin
Japan
Corrosion
Very Good

Reference only: not a kitchen steel

Advertisement